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Security Headers — Complete Guide

HTTP security headers are instructions your server sends to every visitor's browser, telling it how to behave defensively — whether to block scripts from unknown sources, refuse to be embedded in a hidden iframe, or never downgrade to plain HTTP. This is the single biggest module in PEKRYON's Security category, worth 30 of the 50 points, because six headers are checked and each one closes a real, commonly-exploited attack path.
🌿 Beginner — Plain English explanations

What are security headers?

When your browser requests a page, the server sends back the page content plus a set of hidden instructions called HTTP headers. Most headers are mundane (content type, cache rules), but a handful of them are purely defensive — they tell the browser "don't allow this," "never do that," or "only trust this source." Sites that skip these headers leave the browser to make its own risky default decisions, which attackers rely on.

None of these headers change how your site looks. They're invisible to visitors and cost nothing to add — which is exactly why missing headers are one of the most common, and most avoidable, security gaps PEKRYON finds.

The 6 headers PEKRYON checks

HeaderWhat it stops
Content-Security-Policy (CSP)Blocks malicious scripts from running if an attacker manages to inject code into your page (cross-site scripting).
Strict-Transport-Security (HSTS)Forces browsers to only ever connect over HTTPS, even if someone types http:// or an old link points there.
X-Frame-OptionsStops your site being loaded inside an invisible iframe on someone else's page (clickjacking).
X-Content-Type-OptionsPrevents the browser from "guessing" a file's type in a way that can be tricked into running disguised malicious files.
Referrer-PolicyControls how much of your URL (including any sensitive query parameters) leaks to other sites when a visitor clicks a link away from your page.
Permissions-PolicyRestricts which browser features (camera, microphone, location) your page — and any embedded third-party scripts — are allowed to request.

Why missing headers are dangerous

Each missing header maps to a real attack that has hit real companies: XSS attacks that steal login sessions, clickjacking that tricks users into approving actions they never intended, and MIME-sniffing exploits that disguise malware as an image. None of these require a sophisticated hacker — automated scanners crawl the web looking for sites without these headers specifically because they're such an easy, well-documented target.

How to fix it

Adding headers takes minutes, not days. If you're on WordPress, a plugin like HTTP Headers or a security plugin (Wordfence, Sucuri) can add most of these with a checkbox. If you manage your own server (Nginx, Apache, Cloudflare), your developer can add them directly in the server config using standard header-configuration syntax.

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